Alternatively referred to as an IO device, an input/output device is any hardware used by a human operator or other systems to communicate with a computer. As the name suggests, input/output devices are capable of sending data (output) to a computer and receiving data from a computer (input).
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A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. Joysticks are often used to control video games, and usually have one or more push-buttons whose state can also be read by the computer.
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Examples of input/output devices
- CD-R/RW, DVD, and Blu-ray drive
See our input device and output device definitions for a list of each type of device.
What are I/O device errors?
Because most hardware devices do not require an input and output communication with the computer, most IO devices are storage devices. So, when you encounter an I/O error or I/O device error it's an indication that the operating system cannot read or write to a device.
Reasons why you may get an IO device error
- Write protection is enabled. For example, if write-protection on an SD card.
- Trying to write to a disc that is not writable. For example, trying to burn to a CD and not a CD-R disc.
- No more disk space.
- The file is used by another user or computer program.
- Not enough rights or permissions to read or write.
- No physical or virtual connection.
- Bad or missing drivers preventing the drive from being accessed.
- Failing or bad hardware.
What can fix I/O errors?
Depending on what device is giving you the I/O error can change how to troubleshoot these errors. If you are not certain what device is giving you the error, follow the general troubleshooting steps. Otherwise, try following the specific steps for the device giving you the error.
General troubleshooting for I/O errors
- Reboot the computer.
- Make sure you have all of the latest drivers for your devices.
- If you are using Microsoft Windows, make sure there are no errors in Device Manager.
- If you have recently moved the computer, open the computer and make sure the cables inside the computer are firmly connected.
Troubleshooting I/O errors with removable media
With removable media such as a floppy diskette, CDs, or SD cards I/O errors may be occurring because the removable media you are using has failed. The best way to quickly determine if this is the cause is to try an alternative. For example, if you are getting an I/O error with a disc, try another disc in the computer to see if you get the same error. If the same error occurs, then you have a problem with the drive. If you can read another disc with no errors, then it may be a bad or dirty disc.
If you are using removable media such as a floppy diskette or SD card, make sure it is not write protected.
Drivers Novation Input Devices List
If you are trying to burn (write) information to a CD-R disc, make sure you are using a new disc. If the disc was closed, you cannot write any more information to that disc.
Troubleshooting I/O errors occurring when accessing a network file
Any I/O error encountered when trying to read or write a file over the network is caused by either a permission error or a connection issue. Make sure your connection works by trying to read/write another file in a different location. If the connection looks good, then it's likely you either lack the proper rights or the file is in use and is locked.
Related I/O device pages
CPU, Device, Hardware terms, Input, Keyboard, Output
-->Versions supported
- Windows 10
- Windows 8.1
Applies to
- Device manufacturers of CDC Control devices
Microsoft-provided in-box driver (Usbser.sys) for your Communications and CDC Control device.
In Windows 10, the driver has been rewritten by using the Kernel-Mode Driver Framework that improves the overall stability of the driver.
- Improved PnP and power management by the driver (such as, handling surprise removal).
- Added power management features such as USB Selective Suspend.
In addition, UWP applications can now use the APIs provided by the new Windows.Devices.SerialCommunication namespace that allow apps to talk to these devices.
Usbser.sys installation
Load the Microsoft-provided in-box driver (Usbser.sys) for your Communications and CDC Control device.
Note
If you trying to install a USB device class driver included in Windows, you do not need to download the driver. They are installed automatically. If they are not installed automatically, contact the device manufacturer. For the list of USB device class driver included in Windows, see USB device class drivers included in Windows.
Windows 10
In Windows 10, a new INF, Usbser.inf, has been added to %Systemroot%Inf that loads Usbser.sys as the function device object (FDO) in the device stack. If your device belongs to the Communications and CDC Control device class, Usbser.sys is loaded automatically.You do not need to write your own INF to reference the driver. The driver is loaded based on a compatible ID match similar to other USB device class drivers included in Windows.
USBClass_02
USBClass_02&SubClass_02
- If you want to load Usbser.sys automatically, set the class code to 02 and subclass code to 02 in the Device Descriptor. For more information, see USB communications device class. With this approach, you are not required to distribute INF files for your device because the system uses Usbser.inf.
- If your device specifies class code 02 but a subclass code value other than 02, Usbser.sys does not load automatically. Pnp Manager tries to find a driver. If a suitable driver is not found, the device might not have a driver loaded. In this case, you might have to load your own driver or write an INF that references another in-box driver.
- If your device specifies class and subclass codes to 02, and you want to load another driver instead of Usbser.sys, you have to write an INF that specifies the hardware ID of the device and the driver to install. For examples, look through the INF files included with sample drivers and find devices similar to your device. For information about INF sections, see Overview of INF Files.
Note
Microsoft encourages you to use in-box drivers whenever possible. On mobile editions of Windows, such as Windows 10 Mobile, only drivers that are part of the operating system are loaded. Unlike desktop editions, it is not possible to load a driver through an external driver package. With the new in-box INF, Usbser.sys is automatically loaded if a USB-to-serial device is detected on the mobile device.
Windows 8.1 and earlier versions
In Windows 8.1 and earlier versions of the operating system, Usbser.sys is not automatically loaded when a USB-to-serial device is attached to a computer. To load the driver, you need to write an INF that references the modem INF (mdmcpq.inf) by using the Include directive. The directive is required for instantiating the service, copying inbox binaries, and registering a device interface GUID that applications require to find the device and talk to it. That INF specifies 'Usbser' as a lower filter driver in a device stack.
The INF also needs to specify the device setup class as Modem to use mdmcpq.inf. Under the [Version] section of the INF, specify the Modem and the device class GUID. for details, see System-Supplied Device Setup Classes.
For more information, see this KB article.
Configure selective suspend for Usbser.sys
Starting in Windows 10, Usbser.sys supports USB Selective Suspend. It allows the attached USB-to-serial device to enter a low power state when not in use, while the system remains in the S0 state. When communication with the device resumes, the device can leave the Suspend state and resume Working state. The feature is disabled by default and can be enabled and configured by setting the IdleUsbSelectiveSuspendPolicy entry under this registry key:
To configure power management features of Usbser.sys, you can set IdleUsbSelectiveSuspendPolicy to:
'0x00000001': Enters selective suspend when idle, that is, when there are no active data transfers to or from the device.
'0x00000000': Enters selective suspend only when there are no open handles to the device.
That entry can be added in one of two ways:
Write an INF that references the install INF and add the registry entry in the HW.AddReg section.
Describe the registry entry in an extended properties OS feature descriptor. Add a custom property section that sets the bPropertyName field to a Unicode string, 'IdleUsbSelectiveSuspendPolicy' and wPropertyNameLength to 62 bytes. Set the bPropertyData field to '0x00000001' or '0x00000000'. The property values are stored as little-endian 32-bit integers.
For more information, see Microsoft OS Descriptors.
Develop Windows applications for a USB CDC device
Drivers Novation Input Devices Download
If you install Usbser.sys for the USB CDC device, here are the application programming model options:
Starting in Windows 10, a Windows app can send requests to Usbser.sys by using the Windows.Devices.SerialCommunication namespace. It defines Windows Runtime classes that can use to communicate with a USB CDC device through a serial port or some abstraction of a serial port. The classes provide functionality to discover such serial device, read and write data, and control serial-specific properties for flow control, such as setting baud rate, signal states.
In Windows 8.1 and earlier versions, you can write a Windows desktop application that opens a virtual COM port and communicates with the device. For more information, see:
Win32 programming model:
.NET framework programming model: